Extended loci histocompatibility matching in HSCT—Going beyond classical HLA

Unrelated haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has evolved from an experimental protocol to a potentially curative first-line treatment in variety of haematologic malignancies. The continuous refinement protocols and supportive care paired with ongoing achievements the technological field histocompatibility testing enabled this transformation. Without doubt, HLA matching is still foremost criterion for donor selection unrelated HSCT. However, HSCT-related complications occur frequently, often resulting patients suffering severely or even dying as consequence such complications. Current literature indicates that other immune system modulating factors may play role setting In review, we discuss current clinical evidence possible influence nonclassical antigens HLA-E, HLA-F, HLA-G well HLA-like molecules MICA MICB,